Head injury refers to any trauma to the scalp, skull, or brain, ranging from mild concussions to severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Causes of head injuries include falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports injuries, and assaults. Symptoms can vary widely depending on the severity and location of the injury, encompassing physical, cognitive, and emotional changes. Mild head injuries might result in headaches, dizziness, confusion, and temporary loss of consciousness, while severe head injuries can lead to prolonged unconsciousness, memory loss, cognitive impairments, and even life-threatening complications.

Immediate medical attention is crucial for head injuries to assess the extent of damage and initiate appropriate treatment. Diagnostic tools such as CT scans and MRIs are commonly used to evaluate the injury. Treatment strategies depend on the injury's severity and may range from rest and observation for mild cases to emergency surgery and intensive medical care for severe cases. Rehabilitation, including physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy, plays a vital role in recovery, helping individuals regain lost functions and adapt to any long-term changes.

Preventing head injuries involves wearing appropriate protective gear during sports and high-risk activities, ensuring safety measures in homes and workplaces, and practicing safe driving habits. Early intervention and comprehensive care are essential to mitigate the effects of head injuries and support recovery and rehabilitation.